Demystifying Ruby Identification: How to Tell Real Rubies Apart from Synthetic or Imitation Gems

Demystifying Ruby Identification: How to Tell Real Rubies Apart from Synthetic or Imitation Gems

Rubies are one of the most sought-after gemstones due to their vibrant red hue and exceptional hardness. However, with advancements in gemstone manufacturing, synthetic and imitation rubies have become increasingly convincing, making it challenging for even experienced gemologists to tell them apart. To help you become a more discerning buyer, this article will guide you through some key factors to consider when identifying real rubies from synthetic or imitation gems.

1. Color: One of the most crucial factors in identifying a real ruby is its color. Natural rubies exhibit a rich, deep red color typically known as "pigeon blood" red. The color should be uniform throughout the gemstone, with no variations or hints of other colors. Synthetic rubies or imitations may have a slightly different hue or additional color undertones.

2. Inclusions: Natural rubies often have inclusions or internal characteristics that can be seen under magnification. These inclusions may appear as fine needles, silk-like wisps, or small crystals. While synthetic rubies can also have inclusions, these are often too perfect or lack the natural imperfections found in real rubies.

3. Clarity: Synthetic or imitation rubies tend to have fewer inclusions and higher clarity than natural ones. If a ruby appears too clean or flawless, it might not be natural. Beware of stones that appear too perfect as they are likely not genuine rubies.

4. Refractive Index: The refractive index (RI) of a gemstone refers to how light bends when it passes through it. Real rubies typically have an RI between 1.757 to 1.779. Synthetic rubies often have a higher RI, closer to the index of pure corundum (1.760). By using a refractometer, gemologists can measure the RI and distinguish natural rubies from synthetic or imitation ones.

5. Fluorescence: Natural rubies often exhibit a unique fluorescence under ultraviolet (UV) light. They may glow with a reddish or orange-red hue. Synthetic or imitation rubies may display different colors or no fluorescence at all. It is essential to observe the gem under UV light to check for any distinctive fluorescence.

6. Weight: Real gemstones, including rubies, are denser and heavier than synthetic or imitation ones. Taking the weight of the gem into consideration can help determine its authenticity. However, this method alone is not foolproof, as some synthetic rubies may have similar densities to natural ones.

7. Origin: Determining the origin of a ruby can sometimes provide insights into its authenticity. Natural rubies from reputable sources, such as Burma (Myanmar) or Thailand, are highly prized and generally considered more genuine. However, this method alone cannot guarantee authenticity, as it is possible to find synthetic rubies that are created to mimic specific origins.

8. Price: While price alone should not be the sole determining factor, it can be a good indicator of the gem's authenticity. Natural rubies are scarce and command high prices due to their rarity. If a ruby is offered at an unusually low price, it is likely to be synthetic or an imitation.

In conclusion, identifying real rubies from synthetic or imitation gems requires careful observation and the use of specialized tools. Considering factors such as color, inclusions, clarity, refractive index, fluorescence, weight, origin, and price can help you make a more informed decision when purchasing a ruby. Ultimately, consulting with a certified gemologist or buying from reputable jewelers can provide added assurance of acquiring a genuine ruby.