Common instruments for jewelry appraisal

1. Gem tweezers: Gem tweezers are tools with pointed tips that hold gemstones, often with grooves or "#" patterns on the inside to clamp and secure gemstones.

2. Magnifier: For gemstones, using optics as a magnifying glass is crucial. In many cases, careful observation of the external and internal characteristics of a gemstone can provide a wealth of meaningful information. The magnifying glass is the most commonly used and convenient tool for gemstone identification, and its correct use is a basic skill for gemstone workers.

3. Microscope: The main purpose of a gemstone microscope is to magnify and observe the internal and external characteristics of gemstones.

4. Refractometer: The chemical composition and crystal structure of gemstones determine their refractive index, which is one of the most stable properties of gemstones. The use of a refractometer can determine the refractive index value, birefringence value, optical characteristics and other properties of gemstones, providing crucial evidence for the identification of gemstones.

5. UV lamp: UV lamp is an important auxiliary identification instrument mainly used to observe the luminescence (fluorescence) of gemstones.

6. Polarization mirror: Polarization mirror is a simple and easy to operate gemstone identification instrument, mainly used to detect the optical properties of gemstones. It can also be used to determine the axial and optical symbols of gemstones, and to check the multicolor of gemstones.

7. Dichromatic mirror: A conventional instrument used specifically to observe the polychromaticity of gemstones.

8. Spectroscopy: The color of a gemstone is caused by its selective absorption of visible light of different wavelengths. The unabsorbed light mixes to form the color of a gemstone. The coloring elements of gemstones often have specific absorption spectra. By observing the absorption spectrum of gemstones, it can help identify the variety of gemstones, infer the causes of gemstone coloration, and study the composition of gemstone colors.

9. Color filter: mainly composed of some color filters, these combined filters only allow partial wavelengths of light waves to pass through.

10. Balance: It is a tool for weighing objects, which is not only used for weighing gemstones, but also for measuring the relative density of gemstones.

11. Heavy liquid (immersed in oil): In gemstone identification, the relative density range of gemstones is often estimated by using the motion state of gemstones in heavy liquid (immersed in oil).